Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) |
Sidst redigeret d. 7/5 - 2020 foto: Ban All Nukes generation, Gruppe 01 d. 29/4 - 2008, link til billede på flickr |
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Stockholm initiativetPresentation of the Berlin Declaration of the Stockholm Initiative on nuclear disarmament at the Conference on Disarmament. Statement delivered by Ambassador Veronika Bard.Statement in the Conference on Disarmament ...The proposed stepping stones represent a non-exhaustive list and include measures to diminish the role of nuclear weapons in doctrines and policies, The group of participating countries of the Stockholm Initiative is now reaching out to other NPT states parties to seek dialogue and support for the proposed agenda... The NPT at 50Federal Foreign Office d. 25/2 - 2020 (Tyskland) Advancing Nuclear Disarmament, Securing Our Future. As we approach the 50th anniversary of the entry into force of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and the 2020 Review Conference We, Ministers of Argentina, Canada, Finland, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, the Republic of Korea, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland,... We pledge to take responsibility in promoting, including, but not exclusively, the following stepping stones on the way to implementing nuclear disarmament, and we invite all states to consider, support and implement them: * Nuclear-Weapon States to acknowledge the need to ensure that nuclear weapons will never be used again and to advance nuclear disarmament. Recognizing various State perspectives, the above stepping stones are interlinked and mutually reinforcing and offer a way to build political momentum that could help unlock current diplomatic blockages and advance the implementation of nuclear disarmament commitments. Our governments will do their utmost to this end. The NPT at 50Advancing Nuclear Disarmament, Securing Our FutureBerlin, 25 February 2020 AnnexStepping Stonesfor Advancing Nuclear DisarmamentBerlin, 25 February 2020 We, Ministers of Argentina, Canada, Finland, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, the Republic of Korea, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland, haveidentified the following non-exhaustive list of short-term, achievableand meaningfulactions –stepping stones-foradvancing nuclear disarmament... ...Nuclear-WeaponStates to acknowledge the need to ensure that nuclear weapons will never be used again and to advance nuclear disarmament. The United States and Russia to extendNew STARTand engage in talks on its possible expansion. Nuclear-Weapon States to reduce or further reduce their nuclear arsenals and to contribute to next-generation arms control arrangements. Nuclear-Weapon States, collectively or individually, todiscuss and take practical measures to reducethe role of nuclear weapons in their policiesand doctrines. Nuclear-Weapon States to deependiscussions on nuclear doctrineand declaratory policies, both among themselves and with Non-Nuclear Weapon States, at the upcoming NPT Review Conference and throughout the next NPT review cycle. Nuclear-Weapon States to report to parties to the NPT on arsenals and plans for their modernisation. Nuclear-Weapon States, collectively or individually,to tighten Negative Security Assurances, includingin the context ofTreaties establishingNuclear Weapons-Free Zones. All States to support the establishment of Nuclear Weapons-FreeZonesin all regions of the world on the basis of arrangements freely arrived at among States of the region concerned, including the establishment of Middle East zone free of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction in accordance with the 1995 resolution on the Middle East, in relation to which we feel encouraged bythe first session of the conference held in 2019 and continuous efforts in this regard. Nuclear-Weapon States and Nuclear Possessor States to engage in a structured dialogueto assess,minimize and addressnuclearrisks, including by measures aimed at preventing crisis, extending decision-times in crisisand measures to minimise potential vulnerabilitiesemergingfrom disruptive technologiesandcyber threats, e.g. on command and control. Nuclear-Weapon States to improveor establishcrisis communication and protocolamong each other,e.g. by hotlines andrisk reduction centres. Nuclear-Weapon Statesto addressincreasing entanglementof conventional and nuclear systemsand to take measures to reverse such development. All States to upholdexisting moratoriaon nuclear-weapon test explosionsor any othernuclear explosion andto enhance efforts towards the long overdue entry into force of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), through continued advocacy vis-à-visand engagement bythe States whose ratification is required, as well as political, technical and financial efforts to further strengthen the International Monitoring Systems and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO). All States to declare and upholdmoratoriaon the production of fissile material for use in nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices. Nuclear-Weapon Statesand Nuclear Possessor States to show leadershipto unblock negotiationson a treaty prohibiting fissile material production. AllStates to support the ongoing initiatives on developing multilateral nuclear disarmament verification capacities, such asthe International Partnership for Nuclear Disarmament Verification and efforts within the United Nationssuch as Groups of Governmental Experts,Open-endedWorking Groupsand capacity building. AllStates to engage with the young generation, including through dialogue platforms, mentoring, internships, fellowships, scholarships, model events and youth groupactivities All States to encouragevisits to and interaction with communities affected by nuclear weapons, including Hiroshima and Nagasaki,and former nuclear test sites such as Semipalatinsk and in the Pacific. All States to ensure the full and effective participation of women and to further integrate gender perspectivesin all aspects of nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation decision-making processes. Nuclear-Weapon States to engage in and intensify dialogue on maintaining strategic stability, with maximumtransparency vis-à-visthe international community, to foster mutual understanding and trust and setting the frame for future arms-control agreementsand disarmament. Allparties to the NPT to report on their implementation of obligations and commitments under the NPT using a standardized reporting format, and to supportproposals to strengthen reporting and transparency commitments. EachNuclear-Weapon Stateto submit itsNPT implementation reports in advance of the 2020 NPT Review Conference. All states to commit to enhancingthe NPT review cycle to improveimplementation in all its aspectsand to support ongoing efforts tostrengthenthe NPT review process....
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NPT - TraktatenTreaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)
Text of the Treaty The States concluding this Treaty, hereinafter referred to as the Parties to the Treaty, Considering the devastation that would be visited upon all mankind by a nuclear war and the consequent need to make every effort to avert the danger of such a war and to take measures to safeguard the security of peoples, Believing that the proliferation of nuclear weapons would seriously enhance the danger of nuclear war, In conformity with resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly calling for the conclusion of an agreement on the prevention of wider dissemination of nuclear weapons, Undertaking to co-operate in facilitating the application of International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards on peaceful nuclear activities, Expressing their support for research, development and other efforts to further the application, within the framework of the International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards system, of the principle of safeguarding effectively the flow of source and special fissionable materials by use of instruments and other techniques at certain strategic points, Affirming the principle that the benefits of peaceful applications of nuclear technology, including any technological by-products which may be derived by nuclear-weapon States from the development of nuclear explosive devices, should be available for peaceful purposes to all Parties to the Treaty, whether nuclear-weapon or non-nuclear-weapon States, Convinced that, in furtherance of this principle, all Parties to the Treaty are entitled to participate in the fullest possible exchange of scientific information for, and to contribute alone or in co-operation with other States to, the further development of the applications of atomic energy for peaceful purposes, Declaring their intention to achieve at the earliest possible date the cessation of the nuclear arms race and to undertake effective measures in the direction of nuclear disarmament, Urging the co-operation of all States in the attainment of this objective, Recalling the determination expressed by the Parties to the 1963 Treaty banning nuclear weapons tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water in its Preamble to seek to achieve the discontinuance of all test explosions of nuclear weapons for all Desiring to further the easing of international tension and the strengthening of trust between States in order to facilitate the cessation of the manufacture of nuclear weapons, the liquidation of all their existing stockpiles, and the elimination from national arsenals of nuclear weapons and the means of their delivery pursuant to a Treaty on general and complete disarmament under strict and effective international control, Recalling that, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, States must refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes Have agreed as follows:
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